Iran is a MEDIUM RISK country. Widespread civil unrest, hostile security services, arbitrary detention, and natural disasters present risks to travelers in Iran.
Essential Precautions:
• Avoid street food in general and only drink bottled water
• Avoid demonstrations and protests, as they can often turn violent
• Avoid travel to the borders with Iraq or Afghanistan
• Do not photograph government buildings or military instillations as this could lead to an espionage charge which carries the death penalty
• Avoid travel to Sistan Baluchistan, Ilam, Khuzestan, East Azerbaijan, and West Azerbaijan provinces
Insurance becomes a priority if you intend to travel or work in Iran. Traveling to Iran presents several risks and challenges due to its political situation, cultural differences, and government regulations. The situation can change rapidly, so it\'s essential to consult up-to-date travel advisories from your government or reliable sources like the U.S. State Department, UK Foreign Office, or your country\'s equivalent. Here are some factors to consider:
Political Situation: Iran has a complex political landscape, characterized by tensions with Western countries and regional rivalries. Travelers should stay informed about the current political situation and potential risks, including the possibility of diplomatic disputes, sanctions, or military conflicts. Avoid engaging in political activities or discussing sensitive topics, as it may lead to scrutiny or surveillance by authorities.
Crime and Security: Widespread civil unrest poses a significant risk to travelers throughout Iran. Large public demonstrations were staged across the country in response to the killing of Mahsa Amini by the Iranian morality police. Protests against the regime often escalate into violence and are met with heavy-handed police responses; between mid-September and mid-November of 2022, more than 320 Iranians were killed by security forces. The risk of violent crime for travelers in Iran is low in part due to covert monitoring of foreigners conducted by Iranian security forces. Arbitrary detention and imprisonment pose a particular risk for U.S. nationals, especially dual national U.S.- Iranian nationals--including students, journalists, business travelers, and academics. Foreigners are sometimes targeted for petty crimes of opportunity such as bag-snatching, pickpocketing, and other forms of theft. Such crimes are often conducted by individuals using motorcycles or mopeds. Criminals sometimes pose as police officers in tourist areas to steal foreign currency, passports, and other valuables under the pretense of routine stops. The cities of Zahedan, Zabol, and Mirjaveh near the border with Afghanistan carry an elevated risk of kidnapping due to the presence of criminal groups involved in the opium trade. The risk of terrorism is small but non-negligible. ISIS conducted an attack in 2017 in Tehran which killed 17 people, Kurdish separatist groups are active in the northwest, and other organizations have conducted attacks in Ahvaz, Khuzestan, and Sistan Baluchistan provinces.
Cultural Differences: Iran has a rich cultural heritage and follows Islamic customs and traditions. Travelers should respect local customs, dress modestly (particularly women, who are required to wear a headscarf in public), and adhere to Islamic principles, such as refraining from public displays of affection. Alcohol consumption and certain Western cultural practices may be restricted or frowned upon.
Government Regulations: Iran has strict laws and regulations governing behavior, particularly concerning morality, social conduct, and political expression. Activities such as engaging in LGBTQ+ relationships, criticizing the government, or proselytizing may be illegal and could result in arrest, imprisonment, or deportation. Foreign nationals are subject to Iranian law while in the country, and penalties for violations can be severe.
Health and Medical Care: Iran has a relatively well-developed healthcare system in urban areas, but medical facilities may be limited in rural areas. Travelers should have comprehensive travel insurance that covers medical expenses, including evacuation in case of serious illness or injury. It\'s also advisable to carry necessary medications and seek medical advice before traveling to Iran.
Digital Surveillance and Internet Restrictions: Iran has strict controls over internet access and digital communication. Social media platforms, messaging apps, and certain websites may be blocked or heavily monitored by the government. Travelers should be cautious when using the internet and avoid accessing or sharing sensitive information that could attract unwanted attention from authorities. Using a Virtual Private Network (VPN) may help bypass some restrictions, but it\'s important to be aware of the legal implications of circumventing censorship laws.
Environmental Hazards: Iran is prone to natural disasters, including earthquakes, floods, and dust storms. Travelers should be aware of potential environmental hazards and take precautions to stay safe. Earthquakes can occur without warning, so it\'s important to know emergency procedures and evacuation routes. During periods of heavy rainfall, flooding and landslides may occur, particularly in mountainous regions. Dust storms, known as \"khamsin,\" can reduce visibility and pose respiratory health risks, so travelers should seek shelter and avoid outdoor activities during storms.
Transport & Infrastructure Risk: While the road system in Iran is generally good, road quality is poorer in rural and remote areas. Local drivers tend to drive aggressively and do not rigorously adhere to local traffic regulations. Traffic accidents are the second highest cause of death in the country. Official taxis, typically yellow or white with a red stripe, are usually unmetered and are assumed to be shared if the rider does not request otherwise. These are generally safe for male passengers; however, Iranian police estimate that 30 percent of sexual assaults and rape in the country are perpetrated by male taxi drivers. Green, female-only taxis are available and are generally safe for female travelers. The electrical grid, communications network, road system, and most buildings are not built to be earthquake-proof and are vulnerable in the case of a seismic event. The electrical grid is somewhat reliable.
By considering these factors and taking necessary precautions, travelers can minimize risks and enjoy a rewarding experience in Iran. It\'s important to research and understand the local laws, customs, and cultural norms before visiting the country. It\'s also advisable to check travel advisories from your government or international organizations before planning your trip. Overall, with proper planning and awareness, Iran can offer a rewarding travel experience despite the challenges.
Choosing the right cover for your trip to Iran
Many insurers exclude cover for travel to Iran. It is vital to check that your policy includes journeys to this nation. Ascertain that your policy coverage includes medical expenses, repatriation, crisis management, and kidnap for ransom cover. The urban medical centers in Iran, particularly in Tehran, provides levels of care in line with international standards. Medical facilities outside of major urban areas provide a lower, but still adequate, standard of care. It may still be necessary to evacuate you for medical and other critical care.
Required Vaccinations:
• Yellow Fever
• Polio (if coming from a country where Polio is endemic)
Pre-Trip Checklist:
•Carry a copy of your passport
• Bring a necessary supply of prescription medication as well as a copy of your prescription
• Bring a copy of your prescription in case medication is lost or stolen
• Install a VPN on all devices
LGBT travel advice for Iran
Traveling to Iran as an LGBTQ+ individual poses significant risks due to the country\'s conservative societal norms and strict legal framework regarding homosexuality. Overall, LGBTQ+ travelers to Iran face significant risks and should exercise extreme caution. It\'s advisable to research local laws and customs, avoid overt displays of affection in public, and maintain a low profile during your stay in Iran. Connecting with local LGBTQ+ communities or support networks is not recommended due to the risks involved.