Mali Country Report

Mali is an EXTREME RISK country. Significant criminal activity, instability, and underdeveloped medical infrastructure pose the highest risks to travellers in the country.

Essential Precautions:

• Avoid all travel outside of Bamako.
• Avoid all public transportation; use a private driver instead.
• Do not display overt forms of wealth.
• Avoid demonstrations and protests, as they can often turn violent.
• Avoid street food in general, and only drink bottled water.
• Do not photograph government buildings, civil infrastructure, or military installations.

Insurance becomes a priority if you intend to travel or work in Mali. Travelling to Mali involves several risks due to the country's security situation, political instability, and the presence of armed conflict. The situation can change rapidly, so it's essential to consult up-to-date travel advisories from your government or reliable sources like the U.S. State Department, UK Foreign Office, or your country's equivalent. Here are some factors to consider:

Crime and Security Concerns

Mali's capital, Bamako, is generally secure; however, all travel within the country is extremely dangerous. Many areas in Mali outside of Bamako are entirely ungoverned. Violent extremist organisations and criminal groups operate with impunity in these regions, as police presence is minimal outside of the capital. Banditry and kidnapping are pervasive threats in Mali, and there have been several high-profile cases of foreigners being kidnapped for ransom. Within Bamako, most criminal activity is non-violent and opportunistic; however, criminals are often armed. Home invasions, armed robberies, and carjackings are among the most common violent crimes reported. Most robberies occur near marketplaces and popular public areas in downtown Bamako but may also occur in green communal taxis (SOTRAMAs). Mali also experiences frequent political upheaval, causing public sector workers to routinely go on strike and take to the streets. Demonstrations occur daily to weekly, resulting in unexpected traffic disruptions and possible violence.

Terrorism

Mali is a known hotspot for terrorist activities, with various jihadist groups operating in the country, including Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) and affiliated organisations. These groups target government installations, security forces, and Western interests, posing a significant threat to travellers. Terrorist attacks, including bombings and ambushes, can occur without warning, especially in remote areas and near the borders with Niger and Burkina Faso.

Kidnapping and Hostage-Taking

Kidnappings for ransom are prevalent in Mali, with both local and foreign nationals targeted by criminal and terrorist groups. Foreigners, including tourists, journalists, and aid workers, have been abducted in the past for financial gain or political leverage. Travellers should exercise extreme caution, avoid travelling alone or at night, and stay informed about security risks in their area.

Political Instability

Mali has faced political instability and governance challenges, including military coups and political unrest. The country's transitional government is working to address issues of governance, security sector reform, and national reconciliation, but progress remains slow. Political protests, demonstrations, and strikes can occur, disrupting travel and potentially escalating into violence.

Travel Restrictions and Documentation

Some areas of Mali, particularly in the northern and central regions, may be off-limits to travellers due to security concerns and the presence of armed groups. Travellers should check travel advisories from their government and international organisations before planning their trip and adhere to any travel restrictions or security warnings. Entry into Mali may require obtaining a visa and complying with immigration requirements.

Medical & Health Risk

Medical care in Mali generally does not meet Western standards, even in Bamako. For those travelling outside of Bamako, medical facilities are scarce and often targeted in attacks by bandits and terrorist groups. Several severe diseases are endemic to Mali, including malaria, tuberculosis, yellow fever, and HIV/AIDS. Malaria causes the second most disease-related deaths in Mali. Air quality in Mali is variable and can be extremely poor at times. The quality of drinking water in Mali is often poor and not potable, resulting in a high risk of waterborne infectious diseases, including cholera and typhoid. The tap water is not safe to drink.

Transport & Infrastructure Risk

Mali's transportation services and infrastructure are underdeveloped, and driving is a major safety concern. The enforcement of traffic laws is practically nonexistent, and automobiles often share the road with mopeds, motorcycles, bicycles, donkey carts, and pedestrians, many of whom do not look before venturing into the street. While local taxis are widely available in Bamako, many vehicles are poorly maintained, overloaded, and prone to breakdowns. Telecommunications services in Mali are generally quite reliable, but cellular phone coverage is limited in many areas outside of Bamako. Additionally, Mali's power grid is not always reliable, making power outages common.

Environmental Risk

Mali has few areas threatened by environmental disaster; however, seasonal flooding and heat waves can pose significant risks to visitors in Bamako. The rainy season, from June to September, regularly causes the nearby Niger River to burst its banks, flooding the capital and rendering many roads impassable. Mali's summer months, from March to October, are exceptionally hot, with temperatures as high as 113°F (45°C).

Choosing the Right Insurance for Your Trip to Mali

Many insurers exclude cover for travel to Mali. It is vital to check that your policy includes journeys to this nation. Understand if your policy coverage includes medical expenses, repatriation, crisis management, and kidnap-for-ransom cover. Standards of medical care are low and generally offer poor quality. Medical evacuation will be necessary for serious medical care.

Required Vaccinations:

• Yellow fever (mandatory for entry)

Pre-Trip Checklist:

• Carry a copy of your passport.
• Bring a necessary supply of prescription medication, as well as a copy of your prescription.
• Bring a copy of your prescription in case medication is lost or stolen.
• Consider bringing mosquito repellent, long sleeves, and pants.
• Bring a burner phone or laptop.
• Use a VPN on all internet-connected devices and download the VPN prior to travel.

LGBT Travel Advice for Mali

Travelling to Mali as an LGBTQ+ individual presents significant risks due to the country's conservative societal attitudes, legal framework, and security concerns. Overall, LGBTQ+ travellers face significant risks and should exercise extreme caution. It's advisable to research local laws and customs, avoid overt displays of affection in public, and maintain a low profile regarding sexual orientation or gender identity. Connecting with local LGBTQ+ communities or support networks is not recommended due to the risks involved.